Trap Neuter Vaccinate Return
The T and the R are often done by the community cat caregiver, the the N and V to be done by veterinarians.
Males are neutered. Females are spayed. They are vaccinated to prevent rabies for up to a year or for up to 4 years depending on the vet and your willingness to pay for the more expensive vaccine. Also, feral cats should get their ear tipped so that people can quickly see if a cat has already been treated. Sometimes an identification chip will be used so that the community can be located.